As you already know, peyronie’s disease is characterized by bending in penis. This bending is caused by a scars tissue that is hardened in penis shaft. The plaque develops in layers containing erectile tissue (tunica albuginea). Penis is composed of two columns of erectile tissue (the corpora cavernosa); the corpus spongiosum, which contains the tube that carries urine and semen from the body (urethra); and the sheath that surrounds the erectile tissue (tunica albuginea). It begins as a localized inflammation and can develop into a hardened scar. In severe cases, the hardened plaque reduces flexibility, causing pain and forcing the penis to bend or arc during erection. The plaque itself is benign, or noncancerous.

A plaque or hard lump on the top of the shaft (most common) causes the penis to bend upward; a plaque on the underside causes it to bend downward. If plaque develops on the top and the bottom, indentations and shortening may occur. In about 13% of peyronie’s disease cases, plaque does not cause severe pain or curvature, and the condition resolves on its own. In severe peyronie’s disease cases, pain and curvature result in erectile dysfunction (impotence). If there are several areas of plaque, incomplete erection may occur. At times, pain, bending, and emotional distress prohibit sexual intercourse.

Many researchers believe the plaque of Peyronie’s disease develops following trauma (hitting or bending) that causes localized bleeding inside the penis. However, many patients have no known incidents of trauma. Trauma to the penis from being hit or bent abnormally while erect or during intercourse may cause small tears in the tissue. It may also cause small blood vessels in the penis to rupture and bleed internally. Abnormal healing can result in the development of hard, thickened scar tissue (plaque) under the skin of the penis. With repetitive trauma, the plaque may develop tough fibrous tissue (fibrosis) or calcium deposits (calcification) and result in the deformity.

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